Cards 14
Bitget Wallet Card Arbitrum One Arbitrum OneSettles in USD24, EUR24, CHF24 +1 · platform token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering ? No evidence Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 2 of 23 hold up16 fall short · 5 no evidence 18 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
SafePal Card Arbitrum One Arbitrum OneSettles in USD24, EUR24, CHF24 +1 · platform token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering ? No evidence Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 2 of 23 hold up16 fall short · 5 no evidence 18 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Ethena Pay Avalanche C-Chain Avalanche C-ChainSettles in USDe, USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 1 of 23 hold up17 fall short · 5 no evidence 18 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Tuyo Card Base BaseSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services ? No evidence Weakest: Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up12 fall short · 11 no evidence 12 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Wirex One Base BaseSettles in WUSD, WEUR · platform token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 1 of 23 hold up20 fall short · 2 no evidence 21 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Holyheld Card Ethereum EthereumSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 2 of 23 hold up20 fall short · 1 no evidence 22 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Payy Card Ethereum EthereumSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 1 Weak Weakest: Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 4 of 23 hold up16 fall short · 3 no evidence 20 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Gnosis Pay Gnosis Chain G Gnosis ChainSettles in EURe, GBPe, USDC.e · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 1 Weak Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 1 Weak Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment; Third parties in the payment flow 1 Weak Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Audits and bug bounty 10 of 23 hold up13 fall short 23 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
MetaMask Card Linea LineaSettles in USDC, USDT, WETH +5 · stablecoin, other token, platform token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 1 Weak Weakest: Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Audits and bug bounty 5 of 23 hold up15 fall short · 3 no evidence 20 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
EC ether.fi Cash OP Mainnet OP OP MainnetSettles in USDC, USDT, EURC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Secrets and webhook handling 5 of 23 hold up15 fall short · 3 no evidence 20 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Exa Card OP Mainnet OP OP MainnetSettles in USDC, exaUSDC · stablecoin, other token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 1 Weak Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit 6 of 23 hold up17 fall short 23 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Plasma One Plasma P PlasmaSettles in USDT0 · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 2 of 23 hold up15 fall short · 6 no evidence 17 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Fuse Card Solana SolanaSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Secrets and webhook handling 3 of 23 hold up17 fall short · 3 no evidence 20 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
XPlace Card Solana SolanaSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 1 of 23 hold up14 fall short · 8 no evidence 15 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Protocols for privacy-preserving transfers 16
Aleo (credits.aleo private transfers) Aleo A Aleo mainnet1 Weak Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers 1 Weak Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Protection against relicensing 2 Partial Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Third parties in the payment flow ? No evidence Weakest: Audits and bug bounty 18 of 23 hold up4 fall short · 1 no evidence 22 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Curvy Arbitrum One Arbitrum One0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Reliance on hosted services 1 Weak Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; No proprietary dependencies 1 Weak Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment; Third parties in the payment flow ? No evidence Weakest: Secrets and webhook handling 5 of 23 hold up17 fall short · 1 no evidence 22 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Aztec (Alpha mainnet private token transfers) Aztec Aztec mainnet (Alpha)0 Fails Weakest: Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 1 Weak Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Protection against relicensing 2 Partial Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow 1 Weak Weakest: Audits and bug bounty 19 of 23 hold up4 fall short 23 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
B Blanksquare (Shielder) Base Base0 Fails Weakest: Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 1 Weak Weakest: Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 2 Partial Weakest: Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 1 Weak Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment 1 Weak Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Audits and bug bounty 13 of 23 hold up10 fall short 23 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Fluidkey Base Base0 Fails Weakest: Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing ? No evidence Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Secrets and webhook handling 8 of 23 hold up12 fall short · 3 no evidence 20 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
AnomaPay BNB Chain BNB Chain1 Weak Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences ? No evidence Weakest: Tracking and analytics 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Secrets and webhook handling 5 of 23 hold up16 fall short · 2 no evidence 21 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
zERC20 (zBNB on BNB Chain) BNB Chain BNB Chain0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing 1 Weak Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Funds safe if provider disappears; Audits and bug bounty 2 of 23 hold up19 fall short · 2 no evidence 21 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Hinkal Ethereum Ethereum1 Weak Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling 5 of 23 hold up17 fall short · 1 no evidence 22 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Privacy Pools (0xbow) Ethereum Ethereum0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Reliance on hosted services ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing 1 Weak Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment 1 Weak Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code 10 of 23 hold up11 fall short · 2 no evidence 21 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Railgun Ethereum Ethereum0 Fails Weakest: Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 1 Weak Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences 0 Fails Weakest: Tracking and analytics 0 Fails Weakest: Token approval scope 17 of 23 hold up6 fall short 23 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Tornado Cash (Classic pools) Ethereum Ethereum? No evidence Weakest: Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 1 Weak Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted 2 Partial Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 2 Partial Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed 1 Weak Weakest: Token approval scope; Audits and bug bounty 17 of 23 hold up5 fall short · 1 no evidence 22 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
UC Umbra Cash Ethereum Ethereum0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 1 Weak Weakest: Can be self-hosted 2 Partial Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 2 Partial Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Token approval scope 18 of 23 hold up5 fall short 23 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
WORM (BETH proof-of-burn) Ethereum Ethereum2 Partial Weakest: Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 1 Weak Weakest: Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences 0 Fails Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 1 Weak Weakest: Audits and bug bounty 17 of 23 hold up6 fall short 23 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Monero Monero M Monero mainnet2 Partial Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain 2 Partial Weakest: No proprietary dependencies 2 Partial Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Third parties in the payment flow 1 Weak Weakest: Audits and bug bounty 20 of 23 hold up2 fall short · 1 no evidence 22 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Tongo (confidential ERC-20 on Starknet) Starknet S Starknet1 Weak Weakest: Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain 2 Partial Weakest: Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 1 Weak Weakest: Payments linkable onchain 1 Weak Weakest: Audits and bug bounty 17 of 23 hold up5 fall short · 1 no evidence 22 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Z Zcash (shielded transfers) Zcash Z Zcash mainnet2 Partial Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain 0 Fails Weakest: Protection against relicensing 2 Partial Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Third parties in the payment flow ? No evidence Weakest: Audits and bug bounty 19 of 23 hold up2 fall short · 2 no evidence 21 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Incumbent baseline 17 About the baseline
Avalanche Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC, USDT, AVAX +1 · stablecoin, native token, other token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up11 fall short · 12 no evidence 11 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Avici Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up11 fall short · 12 no evidence 11 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
COCA Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up10 fall short · 13 no evidence 10 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Deblock Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC, EURC, BTC +2 · stablecoin, native token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment; Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up5 fall short · 18 no evidence 5 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
HesabPay Off-chain Off-chain0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Data collected beyond payment; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up12 fall short · 11 no evidence 12 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
HS Houdini Swap Off-chain Off-chain0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Funds safe if provider disappears; Audits and bug bounty 2 of 23 hold up15 fall short · 6 no evidence 17 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Hyperbeat Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in beatUSD, USDC · platform token, stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling 0 of 23 hold up18 fall short · 5 no evidence 18 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Jupiter Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC, USDT · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up10 fall short · 13 no evidence 10 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
M-Pesa Off-chain Off-chain0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment; Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up9 fall short · 14 no evidence 9 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Nullmask Off-chain Off-chain0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Data collected beyond payment; Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up10 fall short · 13 no evidence 10 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Oobit Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDT, USDC, USDR +18 · stablecoin, native token, other token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up12 fall short · 11 no evidence 12 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Opera MiniPay Off-chain Off-chain0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Data collected beyond payment; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up14 fall short · 9 no evidence 14 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Phantom Cash Off-chain Off-chainSettles in CASH · platform token 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export ? No evidence Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Third parties in the payment flow; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up5 fall short · 18 no evidence 5 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Rizon Card Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC, USDT · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who holds funds in transit; Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up8 fall short · 15 no evidence 8 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Solayer Card (Emerald Card / Solayer Pay) Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Tracking and analytics; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up12 fall short · 11 no evidence 12 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Tria Off-chain Off-chainSettles in USDC · stablecoin 0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services 0 Fails Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Whole stack published; Can be self-hosted; Interfaces and data export 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies ? No evidence Weakest: Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed ? No evidence Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Secrets and webhook handling; Audits and bug bounty 0 of 23 hold up13 fall short · 10 no evidence 13 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed
Wise Off-chain Off-chain0 Fails Weakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed ? No evidence Weakest: Contracts verified onchain; Can be self-hosted 0 Fails Weakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies 0 Fails Weakest: Data collected beyond payment; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed 0 Fails Weakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Audits and bug bounty 1 of 23 hold up12 fall short · 10 no evidence 13 of 23 evidenced 0 reviewed