Payment Rails CROPS Dashboard
Unaudited, unvetted, experimental. Do not use as a reference. AI-researched ratings that may be wrong; not advice or a statement of fact about any provider. Full disclaimer
Pending review. 1150 of 1150 ratings not yet checked by a human. Do not rely on unreviewed ratings.

Wise

incumbentOff-chain No public chain settlementwise.com

Incumbent rails have no public chain settlement and no public code. They are scored with the same rubric as every other row. Their low ratings show the verifiability gap between rails whose behaviour can be inspected and rails whose behaviour must be trusted; that gap is the point of the comparison, not a claim that the incumbent is unsafe.

At a glance

Category
Incumbent baseline
Chain
Off-chainOff-chain
CROPS tally
1 of 23 hold up · 10 no evidence
Security audits
None published
Offered
80 countries
Last edited
2026-10-13 · History
  1. Censorship Resistance0 FailsWeakest: Admin pause or freeze powers; Settle without the provider; Reliance on hosted services; Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering; Token and chain freeze risks disclosed
  2. Open No evidenceWeakest: Contracts verified onchain; Can be self-hosted
  3. Free0 FailsWeakest: Open-source licences; Protection against relicensing; No proprietary dependencies
  4. Privacy0 FailsWeakest: Data collected beyond payment; Payments linkable onchain; Endpoints can be changed
  5. Security0 FailsWeakest: Who can upgrade the code; Token approval scope; Funds safe if provider disappears; Audits and bug bounty

Where it is offered

Offered only in the countries listed. Regions: EEA. Checked 2026-10-09. Not scored.

Recorded as where a Wise account that holds money can be opened. Wise's "Where can I use Wise?" says you can hold money if you live in a country where you can open a Wise account, and its "Where do I need to live to hold money with Wise?" table lists 80 countries and territories (all 30 EEA states plus the 50 codes above). Restrictions in that table: US excluding Nevada; Bahrain, Israel and Malaysia personal accounts only; Hong Kong business accounts only; Brazil BRL only for residents; India only while travelling overseas; Thailand, Wise has temporarily stopped issuing currencies and account details. Send and receive reach further: Wise says you can register and send money from most countries, and it names places it does not serve at all (Afghanistan, Belarus, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, DR Congo, Cuba, Eritrea, Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Libya, Myanmar, Somalia, South Sudan, Russia, Sudan, Syria, Yemen, Venezuela, and the Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions of Ukraine), where you cannot log in, register, use the card, or send or receive. Card eligibility is a narrower separate list, not used here.

Listed countries (50): Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, St. Barthélemy, Brazil, Bouvet Island, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, United Kingdom, Georgia, French Guiana, Guernsey, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Guam, Hong Kong SAR China, Israel, Isle of Man, India, Jersey, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Cayman Islands, Monaco, St. Martin, North Macedonia, Macao SAR China, Martinique, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peru, Philippines, St. Pierre & Miquelon, Qatar, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sint Maarten, Thailand, Taiwan, United States, Uruguay, Mayotte, South Africa

Evidence (2)2 documented
  1. Documented

    Wise Help Centre table of countries and territories (with per-country restrictions) where residents can hold money, i.e. open a Wise account.

    wise.com/help/articles/2813542/where-do-i-need-to-live-to-hold-money-with-wise

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Wise Help Centre "Where can I use Wise?", which also lists the countries and regions Wise does not serve at all.

    wise.com/help/articles/2978049/where-can-i-use-wise

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Censorship Resistance

Who can block valid use, and can users route around them?

0 FailsPillar rating: weakest of 5
0 of 5 Partial or better · 1 no evidence

What would raise this pillar

Admin pause or freeze powers

Can any privileged role stop, freeze, or block payments through the settlement contracts, and how is that role constrained? C1

0 Fails

Sets the pillar ratingBest evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Wise can suspend, restrict or close an individual customer's account, including their ability to send or withdraw money. Notice may come after the fact, or not at all where that would be unlawful or compromise security, and closure can be without notice. The power is held by Wise unilaterally and is not limited by any multisig or timelock.

Evidence (2)2 documented
  1. Documented

    UK personal terms clause 8.4: Wise may suspend or restrict an individual account on reasonable concerns about account security, suspected unauthorised or fraudulent use, or suspected breach of the agreement or Acceptable Use Policy.

    wise.com/gb/legal/terms-of-use-personal

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Clause 8.5-8.6: notice of suspension 'as soon as we can, either before ... or soon after', unless unlawful or a security risk; among the listed actions, closure without notice and limiting the ability to send money or withdraw.

    wise.com/gb/legal/terms-of-use-personal

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Settle without the provider

Can a payer or payee complete settlement by calling the public contracts directly, without the provider's API, signer, or relayer? C2

0 Fails

Sets the pillar ratingBest evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Transfers settle only on Wise's own ledger, reached through Wise's authenticated API or its app and website. No direct settlement path outside Wise exists.

Evidence (1)1 documented
  1. Documented

    Wise API getting-started guide: all API calls need OAuth tokens from Wise-issued client credentials (or a personal API token for business accounts); production base URL is https://api.wise.com.

    docs.wise.com/guides/developer.md

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Reliance on hosted services

Does the payment flow require a relayer, paymaster, bundler, or API that only the provider runs? C3

0 Fails

Sets the pillar ratingBest evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Every integration depends on Wise's hosted API, with credentials and access provisioned by Wise. None of the intermediary code is public and there is no fallback operator, so the dependency is closed and single-vendor.

Evidence (1)1 documented
  1. Documented

    Credentials are issued by Wise during partner onboarding with Wise's sales and implementation teams; access model is set by Wise.

    docs.wise.com/guides/developer.md

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Neutral settlement, disclosed filtering

Is the settlement layer free of address or geographic filtering, and is any filtering at the edge disclosed and avoidable? C4

0 Fails

Sets the pillar ratingBest evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Wise screens at its own ledger, which is also the settlement layer. Sanctions restrictions are disclosed in the Acceptable Use Policy without a named list source. Wise states that it does not fully disclose how its automated fraud controls, which can reject transactions, work. Judgment call: that admission of partly undisclosed filtering is taken as anchor 0 rather than 1.

Evidence (2)2 documented
  1. Documented

    UK personal privacy notice section 3: fraud-prevention processing is not fully disclosed; section 6.2: automated processes may reject a proposed transaction or close an account.

    wise.com/gb/legal/privacy-notice-personal-en

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Acceptable Use Policy lists sanctioned individuals, entities and countries among unsupported customers, without naming the list source.

    wise.com/gb/legal/acceptable-use-policy

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Token and chain freeze risks disclosed

Are the tokens and chains the rail depends on enumerated, with their issuers' freeze powers and sequencer assumptions stated to payees? C5

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Open

Is the whole stack visible?

No evidencePillar rating: weakest of 4
0 of 4 Partial or better · 2 no evidence

What would raise this pillar

Contracts verified onchain

Does the deployed bytecode match public source, and can a third party rebuild it? O1

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Whole stack published

Are the SDK, frontend, backend or API, indexer, and deploy scripts all public? O2

1 Weak

Best evidence: VerifiedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Only client-side samples, a signing library and API collections are public. The platform that runs transfers is closed. Judgment call: 1 (SDK-level code only) rather than 0, consistent with M-Pesa's client libraries.

Evidence (1)1 verified
  1. Verified

    github.com/transferwise (verified org, 223 repos): the API-facing public code is samples (wise-platform-samples: oauth-connect, oauth-connect-popup, strong-customer-authentication), signing examples and a signing library, a Postman collection and a 2021 reference Android bank app. No backend, ledger, API server or deploy scripts.

    transferwise/wise-platform-samples · README.md

    commit a7d09f2695 · checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Can be self-hosted

Can a stranger reach a working deployment from the README? O3

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Interfaces and data export

Are ABIs, event schemas, an API schema, and a payee data export in a non-proprietary format all in the repo? O4

1 Weak

Best evidence: VerifiedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

The API reference and an open-format statement export are documented on the hosted docs site. The only API schema in a repo is a Postman collection last updated in July 2024, which does not track the current API versions. Judgment call: 1 (documented only), because the versioned schema is not in a repo; a reviewer could argue 2 if the Postman collection is accepted as current.

Evidence (2)1 verified · 1 documented
  1. Verified

    MIT-licensed Postman collection of the public API in a repo; last commit 2024-07-24, while the live API reference is versioned 2026q3 on docs.wise.com.

    transferwise/public-api-postman-collection · README.md

    commit 032ec3a052 · checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Wise API reference: balance statements export in open formats (CSV, CAMT.053, MT940 and others).

    docs.wise.com/api-reference/balance-statement/tag.md

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Free

Does the license actually let a third party fork, modify, and run it?

0 FailsPillar rating: weakest of 3
0 of 3 Partial or better · 2 no evidence

What would raise this pillar

Open-source licences

Does every repository needed to run the product carry an OSI-approved license? F1

0 Fails

Sets the pillar ratingBest evidence: VerifiedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

The components needed to run Wise are proprietary and closed, so nothing that runs the rail can be forked. Among the public repos, four carry MIT or Apache-2.0 licences and wise-platform-samples has none.

Evidence (2)1 verified · 1 documented
  1. Verified

    wise-platform-samples has no LICENSE file at this commit (root: .gitignore, CODEOWNERS, README.md, common, oauth-connect, oauth-connect-popup, strong-customer-authentication) and no licence statement in the README.

    transferwise/wise-platform-samples · README.md

    commit a7d09f2695 · checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Terms clause 26.1: the App, Website, API, developer tools, sample source code and code libraries are Wise's exclusive property, all rights reserved.

    wise.com/gb/legal/terms-of-use-personal

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Protection against relicensing

Can the provider unilaterally relicense future versions, and has it committed not to? F2

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

No proprietary dependencies

Does a production deployment need a proprietary plugin or hosted-only service? F3

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Privacy

What can an observer learn, and did the user knowingly choose it?

0 FailsPillar rating: weakest of 5
0 of 5 Partial or better · 2 no evidence

What would raise this pillar

Tracking and analytics

Do the SDK, widget, or frontend ship analytics, telemetry, error reporting, or fingerprinting? P1

1 Weak

Best evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Analytics and advertising tracking in the website and app are disclosed in the privacy notice. Which SDKs ship, and whether they are on by default, was not checked: the app is closed and no trace was run.

Evidence (1)1 documented
  1. Documented

    Privacy notice section 4.3 lists analytics providers and advertisers (cookies, pixels) among recipients; section 2.2 lists page interaction data (scrolling, clicks) collected from the website and app.

    wise.com/gb/legal/privacy-notice-personal-en

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Data collected beyond payment

Does the flow collect anything beyond addresses, amounts, token, and chain? P2

0 Fails

Sets the pillar ratingBest evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

KYC collection is legally required and disclosed with its legal basis. Wise also collects device, behavioural and location data, and shares contact data for advertising, all beyond the legal requirement. Everything is disclosed in the privacy notice. Judgment call: anchor 1 (disclosed in a policy) and anchor 0 (collection beyond the stated legal requirement) both fit; took 0.

Evidence (2)2 documented
  1. Documented

    Privacy notice section 2: identity documents and biometric face scans for KYC; device data incl. IMEI, MAC address, VPN use and installed remote-access apps; precise geolocation if location sharing is allowed; page interaction data; phone book if access is given.

    wise.com/gb/legal/privacy-notice-personal-en

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Section 4.3: mobile number and email shared in a secure format with social media networks for ad matching.

    wise.com/gb/legal/privacy-notice-personal-en

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Payments linkable onchain

What do calldata and events reveal about who paid whom for what? P3

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Third parties in the payment flow

Which third parties see a request during a payment, and can they be swapped out? P4

1 Weak

Best evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Third parties that see payment data are disclosed by category in the privacy notice, but none is named (a list is available on request to privacy@wise.com). They cannot be swapped by the user.

Evidence (1)1 documented
  1. Documented

    Privacy notice section 4: data shared with Wise group companies, partner banks and financial institutions, verification providers, fraud prevention agencies, analytics and advertising providers, regulators.

    wise.com/gb/legal/privacy-notice-personal-en

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Endpoints can be changed

Can RPC and indexer URLs be changed, and is the indexer code public? P5

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Security

Who can cause loss, lock users in, or change the rules?

0 FailsPillar rating: weakest of 6
1 of 6 Partial or better · 3 no evidence

What would raise this pillar

Who holds funds in transit

Who holds funds between payer and payee, and can the provider redirect them? S1

1 Weak

Best evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Wise holds customer funds, as the terms disclose. Safeguarding is recorded under context and does not change the custody score.

Evidence (1)1 documented
  1. Documented

    Terms clause 12.2: customer money is held by Wise; clause 12.4: safeguarded in Wise's name with financial institutions.

    wise.com/gb/legal/terms-of-use-personal

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Who can upgrade the code

Who can change the contract code, and with how much notice? S2

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Token approval scope

How large an allowance does the SDK ask users to grant, and for how long? S3

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Funds safe if provider disappears Derived

If the provider disappears tomorrow, do payees keep their funds and the ability to keep settling? S4

0 Fails

Sets the pillar ratingBest evidence: DocumentedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Derived. S1 = 1 (provider custody), C2 = 0 (no direct settlement), C3 = 0 (closed single-vendor API), O3 unknown (nothing to self-host). Both funds and the ability to settle depend on Wise. Regulatory safeguarding in insolvency is noted under context and is not a technical exit.

Evidence (1)1 documented
  1. Documented

    All transfer and balance operations go through Wise-hosted endpoints (see C2, C3); no exit path outside Wise is documented.

    docs.wise.com/guides/developer.md

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Secrets and webhook handling

Are secrets kept out of client bundles and are webhooks signed and verified? S5

2 Partial

Best evidence: VerifiedChecked 2026-10-19 today

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

Webhooks are signed, and Wise's reference code at a pinned commit verifies the signature. Credentials are documented as scoped and rotatable. Whether secrets ever reach client bundles was not checked, because the apps and API are closed and no trace was run, so 3 is not available. Judgment call: 2. The verification is verified in code; the gaps are that secret handling is not inspectable, the reference code dates from 2021 and uses only the sandbox key, and the docs leave payload verification optional ("where applicable").

Evidence (3)1 verified · 2 documented
  1. Verified

    Reference Node handler verifies the X-Signature-SHA256 header as an RSA-SHA256 (PKCS#1 v1.5) signature over the raw body against Wise's sandbox public key; Java and Ruby versions are in the same directory.

    transferwise/digital-signatures-examples · verify-webhook-signature/verify-signature.js

    commit c29c3625cb · checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Webhook docs: RSA/SHA256 signatures in X-Signature-SHA256, production and sandbox public keys published, and a link to the reference repo; integrators are told not to process requests whose signature fails.

    docs.wise.com/guides/developer/webhooks/event-handling.md

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  3. Documented

    Client credentials are scoped per integration and can be rotated and revoked in Developer Hub; mTLS and JOSE are offered as optional extra controls.

    docs.wise.com/guides/developer.md

    checked 2026-10-07 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

Audits and bug bounty

Has the code been audited at a pinned commit, were findings fixed traceably, and is there a live bounty? S6

No evidence

Sets the pillar rating

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (seed), 2026-10-07

No checkable evidence settles this yet, so it counts as 0.

Security audits 0

Published audits and similar reviews of this provider's code, newest first. Context for the Audits and bug bounty rating, which scores them; this list does not change any rating, and an audit of older code says little about what is deployed now.

No published audit report was found.

Compiled from: wise.com/security (says Wise holds SOC 1 Type 2, SOC 2 Type 2, PCI-DSS and ISO/IEC 27001; SOC reports are given to business customers under NDA; these are not code audits), Wise's 2019 TUV online-security certification blog post (a certification, not a code audit), the Wise Bugcrowd programme (no public disclosure allowed; a bug bounty, not an audit), github.com/transferwise (no audits folders in the listed repos), and web searches for Wise or TransferWise penetration test and code audit reports. No published code audit or penetration test report was found. Checked 2026-10-13. Only published reports are listed; private audits a provider mentions without a report are not.

Operational and procurement

Facts an institution's procurement, finance and security functions ask for. Separate from the CROPS ratings and never scored.

Group A: operational facts. Group B: 45 due-diligence controls derived from a UN agency's vendor requirements: 19 evidenced, 1 attested, 9 absent, 0 not applicable, 16 unknown. "Not applicable" means there is no operator to hold the control: it falls to whoever deploys the rail. How to read this.

Group A: operational facts

Fees

Evidenced
ComponentPaid byAmountBasis
providerpayerfrom 0.24%, varies by currencyUK personal pricing page (sending and converting money); set by Wise and shown in its calculator per route.
fxpayermid-market rate, no markupWise states it uses the live mid-market rate plus the upfront fee.
cashoutpayeeATM free up to 250 GBP per month, then 2.69% of the excessUK card fees page; ATM operators may add their own fees.
cardpayer7 GBP card orderUK pricing page.
networkpayeereceiving Swift 6.11 USD, 2.16 GBP or 2.39 EUR per payment; domestic receipts freeUK pricing page.

UK personal prices; other regions and Wise Business differ. Transfer limits were not recorded.

  1. Documented

    Wise UK personal pricing page, fees at a glance (sending, converting, card, receiving).

    wise.com/gb/pricing

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    Wise UK send-money pricing page.

    wise.com/gb/pricing/send-money

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  3. Documented

    Wise UK card fees page.

    wise.com/gb/pricing/card-fees

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09Checked 2026-10-09

Custody model

Evidenced

Provider-custodial

Evidence shared with CROPS: S1 item 1

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09Checked 2026-10-09

Licences and registrations

Evidenced
EntityCountryRegulatorLicenceRegister
Wise Payments LimitedUnited KingdomFinancial Conduct AuthorityAuthorised Electronic Money Institution · 900507
Issue e-money and provide payment services; authorised since 07/06/2018
register

Only the UK entity is recorded. Wise operates other regulated entities (EEA, US, and others) under other regulators; not checked here.

  1. Documented

    FCA Register firm page for reference 900507 (client-rendered; text read in a browser and archived).

    register.fca.org.uk/s/firm

    checked 2026-10-09

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09Checked 2026-10-09

Cash-out options

Evidenced
WhereMethodPartnerFeeLimits
everywhere offeredbank transferPartner banks and local payment schemesTransfer fee from 0.24% (varies by currency)
everywhere offeredatmWise card (Visa / Mastercard)UK card, free up to 250 GBP per month, then 2.69%

ALL means every country in the availability list. Card eligibility is narrower than account availability, and send corridors vary by currency. No cash agents.

  1. Documented

    Sending money to bank accounts is the main cash-out route.

    wise.com/gb/pricing

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    ATM withdrawals with the Wise card.

    wise.com/gb/pricing/card-fees

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09Checked 2026-10-09

First deployment

Evidenced

2011-01-01: Service launch (TransferWise). Wise gives the year only; the day and month are a placeholder.

Secondary sources say January 2011; no primary source for the month was found.

  1. Documented

    Wise's own company story page.

    wise.com/gb/about/our-story

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09Checked 2026-10-09

Security incidents

Evidenced
  • 2024-07-01: Data breach at Evolve Bank & Trust, Wise's US partner bank for USD account details in 2020-2023, exposed data Wise had shared (names, addresses, dates of birth, SSN/EIN or ID numbers). Wise says its own systems were not affected; resolved July 2024. The date is the month given, not a day. funds lost: no source
  • 2026-01-15: Issue across iOS, Android and web preventing customers from adding, moving or sending money; also affected Wise Platform partners (status page, major). funds lost: unknown source
  • 2026-09-16: Global outage across Wise services (status page, "Widespread unavailability"). funds lost: unknown source

Absence of a found incident is not evidence that none occurred.

Selected from the status page's major or critical service incidents and Wise's own notices; the status API returns only the 50 most recent incidents (back to 2025-05-27), so older outages are not listed. No funds loss was stated in any source.

  1. Documented

    Wise Help Centre notice, last updated 20 December 2024.

    wise.com/help/articles/1Tyvn34K9tp08aZ0y0Hqe0/data-breach-at-evolve-bank-trust-in-the-us

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09Checked 2026-10-09

Product changes affecting users

Evidenced
  • 2018-06-07: Authorised by the FCA as an Electronic Money Institution (FRN 900507). source
  • 2021-06-25: Company renamed from TRANSFERWISE LTD to WISE PAYMENTS LIMITED (Companies House). source
  1. Documented

    Companies House previous company names.

    find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/07209813

    checked 2026-10-09 · source unchanged at weekly re-read 2026-10-19

  2. Documented

    FCA Register firm status (archived).

    register.fca.org.uk/s/firm

    checked 2026-10-09

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09Checked 2026-10-09

Volume transacted (verified only)

Not verifiable

Closed ledger with no public chain to read. Wise publishes reported volumes in its company reports; reported figures are not recorded here.

UnreviewedAssessed by AI research agent (operational), 2026-10-09

Group B: institutional due diligence

ControlStateWhat was found
Assurance and certifications
B1.1 ISO 27001, developer organisation
Is the organisation that develops the product ISO 27001 certified, and does the certificate name that entity?
EvidencedWise Payments Ltd, ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Coalfire Certification certificate 2020-080301 (registered 2020-08-03, latest 2026-06-30, expires 2029-08-03). Scope: the ISMS supporting Wise Account, Wise Business and Wise Platform, including Engineering, Product, Security and other teams.
The copy linked from wise.com/security (gateway/v1/iso-certificate) is the previous certificate, which expired on 2026-08-03; the certifier directory carries the renewal.
source 1 · source 2
B1.2 ISO 27001, hosting and support organisation
Is the organisation that hosts and supports the service ISO 27001 certified in its own name, with a scope covering the service?
EvidencedSame certificate (Wise Payments Ltd, 2020-080301): key activities at the listed offices include cloud engineering services and site reliability engineering. The underlying cloud infrastructure provider is not named, and its certification was not checked.
source 1
B1.3 SOC 2 Type II or ISAE 3000/3402 reports
Does the provider undergo periodic SOC 2 Type II or ISAE 3402 Type II assessments and make reports available?
AttestedWise states it holds SOC 1 Type 2 and SOC 2 Type 2 attestations; business customers can download the reports after signing an NDA.
source 1
B1.4 Independent source-code security review before go-live
Was the application reviewed by an independent party before launch, and is the report linked?
Unknown
No independent source-code review report was found on wise.com/security, the privacy notice or docs.wise.com.
B1.5 Penetration testing
Is the service penetration-tested before go-live and at least every three years, with results available?
Unknown
Wise runs a Bugcrowd bug bounty (security.txt Policy field), but no penetration-test report or attestation letter was found.
B1.6 Vulnerability scanning cadence
Are the platform and the application scanned for vulnerabilities at least every six months?
Unknown
No stated scanning cadence was found.
Vulnerability and patch management
B2.1 Security contact and disclosure policy
Is there a published way to report a vulnerability (SECURITY.md, security.txt, or a disclosure page)?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ no security policy file; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ no security policy file; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ no security policy file; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ no security policy file; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ no security policy file
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B2.2 Patch service levels
Does the provider commit to patch timelines for known vulnerabilities (the partner expects 30 days critical, 40 high, 90 medium)?
EvidencedPatching "in a timely manner" (UK personal privacy notice 9.1); no per-severity patch timelines are published.
source 1
B2.3 Dependency and vulnerability scanning in CI
Do the public repositories run dependency or code scanning automatically?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ no scanning config or workflow step found; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ no scanning config or workflow step found; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ no scanning config or workflow step found; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ no scanning config or workflow step found; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ no scanning config or workflow step found
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
Incident reporting and continuity
B3.1 Incident reporting commitment
Does the provider commit to notify customers of security or data incidents within a stated time (the partner expects 24 hours)?
Unknown
No general customer incident-notification time was found. Wise's Hong Kong acquiring terms (wise.com/hk/legal/wise-card-processing-agreement) set a one-business-day mutual notice for shared personal data, which covers that product only. In the 2024 Evolve Bank incident Wise emailed affected customers (see maturity.incidents).
B3.2 Backups and restore testing
Are customer records backed up daily and restores tested on a schedule?
Unknown
B3.3 Recovery plan
Is there an approved and tested recovery plan for the service?
Unknown
B3.4 Status page and post-mortems
Does the provider publish service status and post-mortems for incidents?
EvidencedPublic status page at status.wise.com with incident histories. No post-mortem was found among the 50 most recent incidents (2025-05-27 to 2026-09-28) returned by its API.
source 1 · source 2
Identity and access (operator side)
B4.1 MFA for end users
Can or must end users protect accounts with multi-factor authentication?
EvidencedTwo-step authentication is applied from account creation to payments; biometric login in the app.
source 1
B4.2 MFA and separate accounts for privileged access
Is privileged access protected by MFA and kept on separate accounts?
Unknown
B4.3 Periodic access reviews
Are user access rights reviewed at least annually and privileged accounts at least six-monthly?
Unknown
Access reviews may be covered by the SOC 2 Type 2 report, which is available only under NDA (see B1.3); not read.
B4.4 Segregation of duties and joiner-mover-leaver controls
Is there a documented segregation-of-duties model and a joiner-mover-leaver process?
Unknown
B4.5 Session timeout
Are idle interactive sessions terminated after a defined period (the partner expects 60 minutes)?
EvidencedUsers can configure an auto log-out; no default idle period is stated.
source 1
API and integration
B5.1 API authentication, browser to server
Which standard (OAuth 2.0, OpenID Connect, SAML, JWT) protects browser-to-server API calls?
EvidencedOAuth 2.0 for all Wise Platform partner accounts; mTLS, JOSE and SCA/2FA are optional additions.
source 1
B5.2 API authentication, server to server
Are server-to-server calls authenticated with keys or PKI certificates, and are keys scoped and rotatable?
EvidencedClient credentials scoped per integration, rotatable and revocable in Developer Hub; optional mTLS endpoint (api-mtls.transferwise.com); webhooks signed (see CROPS S5).
CROPS S5 · CROPS S5
B5.3 Token expiry
Do API tokens expire, and within what period (the partner caps it at 120 minutes for public data, 30 otherwise)?
EvidencedClient-credentials access tokens expire after 12 hours, above the partner's 120-minute cap; the documented example refresh token is valid for about 20 years.
source 1
B5.4 Export controls
If an API exports data, does it limit volumes and log exports?
Unknown
Statement export in open formats is documented (CROPS O4); no volume limits or export logging were found.
CROPS O4
Data protection and privacy governance
B6.1 Data classification and encryption
Does the provider state a data classification and enforce encryption at rest and TLS 1.2 or better in transit?
EvidencedEncryption at rest for information not in active use and encrypted transport (privacy notice 9.1). Observed: wise.com refuses TLS 1.1 and accepts TLS 1.2. No data classification scheme was found.
source 1 · source 2
B6.2 Production data kept out of test environments
Does the provider state that production or real personal data is not used in development and testing?
Unknown
B6.3 Data retention and deletion on termination
What is retained, for how long, and is customer data removed on termination?
EvidencedKept only as long as necessary, but typically 5 to 10 years after account closure under financial-regulation retention duties (see CROPS P2 for what is collected).
source 1
B6.4 Data protection impact assessment and roles
For systems holding personal data, has a DPIA been completed and are controller and processor defined?
EvidencedThe controller is the Wise group company providing the service; third-party partners act as independent controllers unless stated otherwise. DPIA availability not found.
source 1
B6.5 Data processing or sharing agreement available
Can a customer obtain a data processing agreement or equivalent?
Unknown
No published data processing agreement was found for personal, business or Platform customers. The privacy notice offers details of transfer arrangements on request to privacy@wise.com.
Logging and monitoring
B7.1 Audit logging
Are account changes, logins and activity on important records logged and retained?
Unknown
B7.2 Central monitoring and endpoint detection
Are logs sent to a managed SIEM and is endpoint detection running on all platforms?
Unknown
The privacy notice says the security team proactively monitors for abnormal and malicious activity; no SIEM or endpoint-detection statement was found.
Hosting and network
B8.1 Hardened hosting
Are hosts hardened to a recognised benchmark, with only essential ports open, IDS/IPS, a WAF for internet-facing applications and tenant isolation?
Unknown
B8.2 Deployment configuration and infrastructure as code
Does the repository ship reproducible deployment configuration (containers, IaC, Helm) that a self-hoster can harden?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ no deployment configuration; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ no deployment configuration; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ no deployment configuration; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ no deployment configuration; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ no deployment configuration
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
Engineering practice in public repositories
B9.1 Default branch protected
Does the default branch require reviews and passing checks, with no direct pushes?
Evidencedall of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✓ rules: pull_request, copilot_code_review, non_fast_forward, pull_request, required_status_checks, pull_request, pull_request, required_signatures, deletion; transferwise/digital-signatures ✓ rules: pull_request, copilot_code_review, non_fast_forward, pull_request, required_status_checks, pull_request, pull_request, required_signatures, deletion; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✓ rules: pull_request, copilot_code_review, non_fast_forward, pull_request, required_status_checks, pull_request, pull_request, required_signatures, deletion; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✓ rules: pull_request, copilot_code_review, non_fast_forward, pull_request, required_status_checks, pull_request, pull_request, required_signatures, deletion; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✓ rules: non_fast_forward, pull_request, required_status_checks, pull_request, pull_request, required_signatures, deletion
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B9.2 CI runs on pull requests
Does every pull request trigger automated checks?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ no .github/workflows; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ 1 workflow file(s); transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ no .github/workflows; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ no .github/workflows; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ no .github/workflows
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B9.3 Tests run in CI
Do the CI workflows run the test suite?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ test command in a workflow; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ test command in a workflow; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ test command in a workflow; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ test command in a workflow; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ test command in a workflow
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B9.4 Coverage reported
Is test coverage measured and reported (the partner expects 85%)?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ coverage tooling referenced; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ coverage tooling referenced; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ coverage tooling referenced; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ coverage tooling referenced; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ coverage tooling referenced
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B9.5 Versioned releases
Are releases tagged with immutable semantic versions?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ latest tags: v1.0; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ latest tags: 1.1, 1.0; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ no tags; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ no tags; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ no tags
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B9.6 Signed tags or commits
Are release tags or recent commits cryptographically signed?
Evidencedsome of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✓ 9 of 9 recent commits signed; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ 2 of 5 recent commits signed; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✓ 10 of 10 recent commits signed; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✓ 6 of 10 recent commits signed; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✓ 10 of 10 recent commits signed
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B9.7 Changelog
Is a changelog maintained with the code?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ no changelog or release notes; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ no changelog or release notes; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ no changelog or release notes; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ no changelog or release notes; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ no changelog or release notes
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
B9.8 Contribution and branching model documented
Does the README or contribution guide state how changes are proposed, reviewed and released?
Absentnone of 5 repo(s): transferwise/digital-signatures-examples ✗ none found; transferwise/digital-signatures ✗ none found; transferwise/public-api-postman-collection ✗ none found; transferwise/banks-reference-android ✗ none found; transferwise/wise-platform-samples ✗ none found
source 1 · source 2 · source 3 · source 4 · source 5
Architecture documentation
B10.1 Architecture documentation
Is there a public architecture document covering logical, infrastructure and integration architecture and the components used?
EvidencedIntegration architecture only (docs.wise.com developer guides covering environments, auth and webhooks); logical and infrastructure architecture are not published.
source 1
Commercial and financial
B11.1 Contracting entity
Which legal entity would an institution contract with, and in which jurisdiction?
EvidencedWise Payments Limited (England and Wales, company 07209813) for UK personal customers; other regions contract with other Wise entities (not recorded).
source 1
B11.2 Funding of ongoing operation
How is ongoing operation and maintenance funded (revenue, foundation, grants, fee switch), per a primary source?
EvidencedCustomer fees (a fee on each transfer or conversion, card and ATM fees); Wise plc is a listed company.
source 1
B11.3 Termination terms
What happens to customer funds and data on termination by either side?
EvidencedCustomer may close at any time; funds left at closure can be claimed through support for 6 years, subject to checks. Wise may terminate with 90 days' notice, or immediately for misuse or regulatory reasons (UK personal terms 9.2-9.7).
source 1 · source 2
AI components
B12.1 AI in the payment path
Does an AI system take part in payment processing or compliance decisions (for example automated transaction screening)?
EvidencedYes: automated processes, including machine-learning models, take part in fraud and financial-crime prevention and may reject a transaction or close an account.
source 1
B12.2 AI controls documented
If AI is used, are monitoring, validation, override, decommissioning and bias evaluation documented?
Unknown
The privacy notice offers the right to request further information about an automated decision; no published AI governance (monitoring, validation, bias evaluation) was found.

Scope of assessment

Components in the payment path

ComponentRolePublicLicenceOperatorRequired
Wise app and websitefrontendNoproprietaryWiseYes
Wise Platform API (api.wise.com)apiNoproprietaryWiseYes
Wise account ledger and transfer backendledgerNoproprietaryWiseYes
Wise KYC and verification (incl. third-party verification providers)kycNoproprietaryWise and unnamed verification providersYes
Partner banks and local payment schemes (pay-in and pay-out)otherNoproprietaryBanks and financial institutions (unnamed)Yes
Fraud prevention agencies and servicesotherNoproprietaryThird parties (unnamed)No
Safeguarding institutionsotherNoproprietaryEstablished financial institutions (unnamed)No
Card networks (Wise card)card-networkNoproprietaryVisa / MastercardNo

Assessor notes

Incumbent. Wise is a closed, custodial e-money and payments ledger. Customer balances are held by Wise and moved through Wise's own systems and partner banks. github.com/transferwise is the GitHub-verified org for wise.com (223 public repos). Listed repos are the ones that touch the transfer API: webhook and SCA signing examples, a signing library, a Postman collection, a reference Android bank integration and the Wise Platform samples. None of them runs the transfer rail. The remaining repos are internal tooling and data-science libraries (pipelinewise, wise-pizza and similar) and are excluded. Documents cited are the UK personal terms of use and the UK personal privacy notice (Wise Payments Limited), plus docs.wise.com, which serves Markdown copies of its client-rendered pages (the .md URLs are cited). Terms clause 26.1 asserts Wise's exclusive property over "sample source code, and code libraries", which conflicts with the MIT and Apache licences in those repos; the repo licences are recorded as found. Search log: docs/research/wise.md.